By Dure Zahra Malik
For many years, domestic violence in Pakistan remained hidden inside homes. Although people knew it existed, the law rarely intervened unless extreme harm occurred. As a result, many victims stayed silent and unprotected.
However, this situation has now changed.
With the enforcement of the Domestic Violence (Prevention and Protection) law, Islamabad has taken a clear legal step to address abuse inside the home. The law defines domestic violence, sets punishments, and explains how victims can seek immediate protection.
How the law defines domestic violence
Previously, abuse was often understood only as physical harm. Now, the law clearly expands that definition.
Domestic violence includes physical harm, but it also covers emotional and psychological abuse, verbal humiliation, sexual coercion, economic control, stalking, harassment, and threats that create fear. As a result, victims no longer need visible injuries to seek legal help.
In simple terms, the law recognises that violence can be emotional, financial, or psychological as well.
Punishment under the new law
The law clearly explains the consequences for offenders when domestic violence does not already fall under the Pakistan Penal Code.
The offender can face six months to three years in jail
A fine between Rs20,000 and Rs100,000 may also be imposed
This fine is paid directly to the victim as compensation
In addition, anyone who helps or encourages domestic violence can receive the same punishment.
Meanwhile, if a court issues a protection order and the offender violates it, that violation becomes a separate crime. In such cases, the offender can face up to one year in prison along with a fine of up to Rs100,000.
How quickly courts must act
Speed plays a critical role in domestic violence cases. Therefore, the law sets clear timelines to prevent delays.
Courts must fix the first hearing within seven days. The accused must respond within seven days, and the court should decide the case within 90 days.
Moreover, judges can issue interim protection orders immediately if they believe further violence is likely. As a result, victims do not have to wait for prolonged court proceedings to feel safe.
Right to stay in the home
Another major change relates to housing.
Under the new law, victims have the legal right to stay in the shared household, even if the property is not registered in their name. At the same time, courts can order the offender to leave the house, stay away from the victim, or stop all forms of contact, including phone calls and messages.
Although shelter homes remain available, the law makes it clear that victims should not be forced out of their homes because of abuse.
Financial relief and child protection
Domestic violence often involves financial pressure. Therefore, the law allows courts to order offenders to pay for medical treatment, loss of income, maintenance, and child support.
If the offender refuses to comply, courts can direct employers or other debtors to transfer money directly to the victim.
In addition, the law protects children, elderly persons, and persons with disabilities. Courts can issue temporary custody or protection orders to ensure their safety.
Support beyond the courtroom
To support victims further, the law establishes Protection Officers and Protection Committees. These bodies help survivors access legal aid, medical care, and shelter services. As a result, victims are not left to navigate the system alone.
Why this law marks a turning point
This law does not claim to end domestic violence overnight. However, it removes the silence that allowed abuse to remain hidden for decades.
For the first time in Islamabad, domestic violence is defined clearly, punished clearly, and addressed through a structured legal process. As a result, abuse inside the home is no longer treated as a private issue beyond the reach of the law.
For now, the law applies only to Islamabad. However, its impact may shape future legal reforms across the country.